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苏联的演变是苏联长期以来各种矛盾总爆发的结果,民族因素是其中的原因之一;但就联盟解体来说,民族问题显然是一个具有关键性作用的因素.因为最后一锤定音决定苏联这个庞然大国存亡的是十余个加盟共和国的背向,而这直接导源于民族矛盾和民族问题.苏联民族问题由来已久.众所周知,沙皇俄国是世界历史上民族矛盾最深厚的国家之一,是“各民族的监狱”.苏联是在俄罗斯帝国的废墟上建立起来的,旧俄疆域上形成的多民族国家共同体及其民族问题也就历史地遗留给了苏联.苏联党和国家为解决民族问题付出了艰辛的努力,有过许多有益的探索,也有过许多痛苦的失误;取得过巨大的成就,也留下了许多深刻的教训.本文拟就苏联在民族问题上的一些经验教训作一些分析和思考.
The evolution of the Soviet Union is the result of a total explosion of various contradictions in the Soviet Union for a long time. The ethnic factor is one of the reasons for this. However, as far as the alliance is concerned, the national issue is obviously a key factor. Because the last blueprint decided the Soviet Union However, the survival of the great powers is the dominance of more than a dozen republics, which is directly derived from the national contradictions and ethnic issues. The Soviet nation has a long history. As we all know, Tsarist Russia is one of the most profound ethnic conflicts in world history. “Prisons of all nationalities.” The Soviet Union was established on the ruins of the Russian Empire, and the multi-ethnic state community formed on the territory of Old Russia and its ethnic issues were also historically left to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the State Made a lot of useful explorations and made many painful mistakes, made tremendous achievements and left many profound lessons.This paper intends to make some analysis on some lessons and experiences of the Soviet Union on ethnic issues And thinking.