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【目的】用改性交联淀粉囊化的缩节安(SRD)对棉花种子进行包衣,研究其在水中和土壤中的释放特性。【方法】用水中溶出法、土壤恒温培养法、14C-DPC同位素标记法和生物试法测试。【结果】SRD在水中的释放动态为S形曲线,完全溶出的时间约为15min,较对照(CK,缩节安直接拌种)延长10min左右,在1.5、5和10min的累积释放率分别相当于CK的40.3%、24.8%和64.0%。SRD在土壤中的释放动态为抛物线,这是释放和降解互相抵消后的结果,SRD累积释放率达到的最高值(此时释放与降解的速度相等)仅为CK的1/3左右,达到最高值的时间较CK推迟约10d,在土壤中的存留时间为50d以上,较CK延长2倍多;14C-DPC同位素标记试验表明,种子表面的SRD在土壤中呈非匀速减少,且在70d内的减少速度一直慢于CK,这使其棉花幼苗体内的14C放射性活度低于CK;SRD包衣种子在出苗后30d内的株高一直高于CK,0～10d的株高日增量大于CK,10～20d与CK相当,20～30d又大于CK。【结论】SRD具有缓释性能,且呈非匀速释放,这有利于延长缩节安的有效作用期、减少棉田用工、并提高棉花化控技术的标准化水平。
【Objective】 Cotton seeds were coated with Modified Crosslinked Arenate (SRD) to study its release characteristics in water and soil. 【Method】 Water dissolution method, soil incubation method, 14C-DPC isotope labeling method and biological test were used. 【Result】 The results showed that the release of SRD in water was S-shaped curve. The time of complete dissolution was about 15min, which was about 10min longer than that of control (CK). The cumulative release rates at 1.5, 5 and 10 min 40.3%, 24.8% and 64.0% of CK’s. The release of SRD in the soil is a parabola, which is the result of mutual cancellation of release and degradation. The highest cumulative release rate of SRD (release and degradation rate at this time) is only about 1/3 of CK, reaching the highest The value of CK was delayed by about 10 days in CK and 50 days in soil, which was more than two times longer than that in CK. The 14C-DPC isotope labeling test showed that the SRD of seed surface decreased non-uniformly in soil, The decreasing rate of CK was slower than that of CK. The radioactivity of 14C in cotton seedlings was lower than that of CK. The height of SRD-coated seeds was higher than that of CK within 30 days after emergence, the increment of plant height was greater than 0 ~ 10d CK, 10 ~ 20d and CK, 20 ~ 30d and CK. 【Conclusion】 SRD has sustained-release properties and exhibits non-uniform release, which is beneficial to prolong the effective period of Dian An, reduce the labor cost in cotton field and improve the standardization of cotton chemical control technology.