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目的采用撞击器模拟棍棒形成的颅脑损伤,建立颅脑钝性损伤动物模型。方法 26只大白兔分为重度损伤组(10只)、轻度损伤组(10只)和对照组(6只),采用第三军医大学设计的Ⅱ型卧式生物撞击器,撞击参数设置为重度损伤:550k Pa/cm2,轻度损伤:450k Pa/cm2,撞击深度(10mm)。撞击后在相同时间内,观察各组家兔临床症状和体征、解剖学及组织病理学变化,组间进行比较。结果对照组未见明显的病理变化。轻度致伤组除轻度的皮下出血、蛛网膜下腔出血、线性骨折外,未见其它损伤,符合AIS评分轻度损伤标准(≤2分)。重度致伤组有明显的骨折、脑挫裂伤和颅内出血,符合重度损伤标准(≥4分)。轻、重度致伤组都未见明显的皮肤挫裂伤。结论本实验建立的重度和轻度损伤模型差异明显,且符合相关标准,该动物模型可以应用于相关研究。
OBJECTIVE: To establish craniocerebral injury model by using impactor to simulate brain injury caused by stick. Methods Twenty-six rabbits were divided into severe injury group (n = 10), mild injury group (n = 10) and control group (n = 6). The model Ⅱ horizontal biological impactor designed by the Third Military Medical University was used. Severe damage: 550k Pa / cm2, mild damage: 450kPa / cm2, impact depth (10mm). At the same time after impact, the clinical symptoms and signs, anatomy and histopathological changes of rabbits in each group were observed and compared among groups. Results There was no obvious pathological change in the control group. Mild injury group except slight subcutaneous hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, linear fracture, no other damage, meet the AIS score mild injury criteria (≤ 2 points). Severe injury group had obvious fractures, cerebral contusion and intracranial hemorrhage, in line with the standard of severe injury (≥ 4 points). No obvious skin contusion and laceration occurred in the mild or severe injury group. Conclusion The model of severe and mild injury established in this experiment has obvious difference and accords with relevant standards. The animal model can be used in related research.