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【目的】确定在韭蛆——韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga防治过程中科学合理地使用臭氧(O_3)水的方法,并使其发挥最大用途。【方法】在露地韭菜田块分别浇灌10,15,20和30 mg/L的O_3水,在平地覆膜韭菜和小拱棚韭菜中分别浇灌5,10和15 mg/L的O_3水,同时在室内用10~15mg/L O_3水处理不同虫态的韭菜迟眼蕈蚊(成虫、幼虫和蛹)和韭菜植株,2和10 mg/L O_3水浸泡韭菜种籽。然后,测定了O_3水对韭蛆防治效果,并评价了O_3水对韭菜种籽发芽和生长等的影响。【结果】覆膜条件下,浇灌浓度为10~15 mg/L的O_3水,对韭蛆的防治效果非常显著,甚至高达100%;而露地浇灌O_3水对韭蛆无明显的防治效果;各种栽培模式下浇灌O_3水并没有加重韭蛆对韭菜的直接危害。室内条件下,O_3水导致成虫、幼虫和蛹的体形变畸或致死,甚至虫体表面明显被腐蚀;O_3水可促进韭菜前期生长,增加株高,但不利于修剪后的须根重新萌发。O_3水浸泡韭菜种籽后即时用水清洗,将不影响种籽正常发芽;若只浸泡不清洗,将严重抑制种籽发芽。【结论】采用O_3水防治韭蛆的方法值得推荐,但在封闭条件下效果最佳。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to determine the best method to use ozone (O 3) water scientifically and rationally in the control of Bradysia odoriphaga in leek maggot. 【Method】 O_3 water of 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg / L water was drenched in the field of Chinese chive field respectively. O3 water of 5, 10 and 15 mg / The larvae of B. axyridis (adult, larvae and pupae) and chives plants were treated with 10-15 mg / L O 3 water in the laboratory, and leek seeds were soaked in 2 and 10 mg / L O 3 water. Then, the effect of O_3 water on the control of Leek maggots was determined, and the effect of O_3 water on germination and growth of Leek seeds was also evaluated. 【Result】 Under the condition of film mulching, O_3 water with the concentration of 10-15 mg / L was irrigated, and the control effect on Leek maggots was very high, even up to 100%. However, O_3 water irrigated in open field had no obvious control effect on Leek maggots. Cultivation mode of watering O_3 did not aggravate the leek maggot chives direct harm. Under the indoor conditions, O_3 water caused the body shape of adults, larvae and pupae to deform or die, and even the surface of the worm body was obviously eroded. O_3 water could promote the growth of early leeks and increase the plant height, but not conducive to the re-germination of the pruned roots. O_3 water leek soaked in water immediately after washing seed, seeds will not affect the normal germination; if only soaking does not wash, will seriously inhibit seed germination. 【Conclusion】 The method of using O_3 water to control leek maggot is recommended, but it is the best under closed conditions.