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卵黄囊瘤是一种少见的恶性肿瘤,直到1959年,Teilum通过比较胚胎学的研究而将其命名。本瘤结构复杂,形态特殊,它复制了大鼠胚胎的卵黄囊的迷路样结构,是一类向胚外中胚层和卵黄囊(胚外内胚层)分化的肿瘤。这些肿瘤有快速生长的特点,并较早发生淋巴道转移,晚期发生血源性播散到肺、肝等其它器官。预后很差,多数患者在1～2年内死亡。作者收集了本教研室15例卵黄囊瘤,旨在结合文献复习作以分析。
Yolk sac tumor is a rare malignant tumor, until 1959, Teilum by embryology research and named it. The tumor is complex and morphologically distinct. It replicates the labyrinthine structure of the yolk sac of rat embryos and is a type of tumor that differentiates into extraembryonic mesoderm and yolk sac (extraembryonic endoderm). These tumors have the characteristics of rapid growth, and earlier lymphatic metastasis occurs, late onset of blood-borne dissemination to the lungs, liver and other organs. The prognosis is poor, most patients die within 1 to 2 years. The authors collected 15 cases of yolk sac tumor of the Department, designed to review the literature for analysis.