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一、前言由于冶炼优质钢、特殊钢的需要,要求高炉冶炼出低硅、低磷生铁。现代高炉生产,Si可达0.3%以下,S可达0.03%以下,P则依原燃料条件而定。尽管如此,在冶炼优质钢前,仍需对铁水进行预处理,即所谓炉外三脱——脱硅、脱硫、脱磷,而脱硅主要是为了脱磷。建立铁水预处理装置,这对现代大、中型企业是不难做到的事,但对众多的小型钢铁厂(特别是有铁无钢企业,100m~3以下高炉)就难于做到。十年前的小高炉一般只能炼铸造铁,由于重视精料技术,现已有一批小高炉能炼出炼钢生铁了,这是小高炉炼铁技术的一大进步,随着客观需求的增加,用户的扩大,进一步要求小高炉能冶炼低磷([P]≤0.15%)炼
I. Preface Due to the needs of smelting high-quality steel and special steel, blast furnaces are required to smelt low-silicon and low-phosphorus pig iron. Modern blast furnace production, Si up to 0.3%, S up to 0.03%, P, according to the original fuel conditions may be. However, before smelting high-quality steel, the hot metal needs to be pre-treated, that is, so-called trilobal removal, desilication, desulphurization and dephosphorization outside the furnace, and desiliconization is mainly for dephosphorization. It is not difficult for modern large and medium-sized enterprises to set up a hot metal pretreatment device, but it is difficult for many small steel mills (especially iron and steel-free enterprises with blast furnaces below 100m3). Small blast furnace ten years ago, the general only cast iron casting, due to the fine material technology, there are already a number of small blast furnace can be refined steelmaking pig iron, which is a small blast furnace ironmaking technology, a major step forward, with the objective needs Increase, the user’s expansion, further requirements of small blast furnace can smelt low-phosphorus ([P] ≤ 0.15%) refining