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目的通过检测COX-2在良恶性腹水中的表达情况,并分析其在不同疾病类型间表达的差异,探讨良恶性腹水中COX-2表达的意义。方法收集临床恶性腹水21例(其中卵巢癌7例、结肠癌5例、肝癌6例、胃癌2例、膀胱癌1例)。良性腹水15例(其中肝硬化腹水10例、结核性腹水5例)。应用半定量RT-PCR方法检测良性、恶性腹水中COX-2 mRNA的表达,并对比COX-2 mRNA在不同疾病类型间的阳性检测率。结果 COX-2在良性、恶性腹水中的表达阳性率分别为6.7%(1/15)和42.9%(9/21),2组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。COX-2在不同肿瘤类型间表达阳性率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。COX-2在肝硬化腹水组(1/10)和结核性腹水组(0/5)表达阳性率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 COX-2在恶性腹水中呈过度表达状态,有望成为良性、恶性腹水鉴别的有效指标。
OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of COX-2 in benign and malignant ascites and to analyze its difference in different disease types to explore the significance of COX-2 expression in benign and malignant ascites. Methods 21 cases of clinical malignant ascites were collected, including 7 cases of ovarian cancer, 5 cases of colon cancer, 6 cases of liver cancer, 2 cases of stomach cancer and 1 case of bladder cancer. 15 cases of benign ascites (including 10 cases of cirrhosis and 5 cases of tuberculous ascites). The expression of COX-2 mRNA in benign and malignant ascites was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The positive rate of COX-2 mRNA in different types of diseases was also compared. Results The positive rates of COX-2 expression in benign and malignant ascites were 6.7% (1/15) and 42.9% (9/21), respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). The positive rate of COX-2 expression in different tumor types had no significant difference (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of COX-2 between cirrhotic ascites group (1/10) and tuberculous ascites group (0/5) (P> 0.05). Conclusions COX-2 is overexpressed in malignant ascites, which is expected to be an effective marker for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.