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因多数抗生素是通过肾脏排泄的,在使用具有肾毒性药物时,其直接毒性和它导致的过敏反应可引起肾损害。一、氨基糖甙类制剂氨基糖甙类制剂中以新霉素的肾毒性最强,该药每日0.5～1.0g连续使用1～2周,就能见到蛋白尿、管型尿、高氮质血症。若及早停药肾损害可恢复,但对既往有肾脏病者,容易成为不可逆性。病理所见是肾小管坏死及管腔闭塞,初期不引起肾小球的损害。庆大霉素的肾毒性较新霉素为弱,中等剂量可出现肾小管浊肿、空泡变性;大量使用可见肾小管坏死,尤以近曲小管为著。临床虽有蛋白尿、管型尿、
Because most antibiotics are excreted through the kidneys, when used with nephrotoxic drugs, their immediate toxicity and the allergic reactions they cause can cause kidney damage. First, the aminoglycoside preparation aminoglycoside formulations of neomycin nephrotoxicity strongest, the drug daily 0.5 ~ 1.0g continuous use of 1 to 2 weeks, we can see proteinuria, tubular urine, high Azotemia. If early withdrawal renal damage can be restored, but for those with previous kidney disease, easily become irreversible. Pathological findings are tubular necrosis and lumen occlusion, the initial does not cause glomerular damage. Gentamicin nephrotoxicity than neomycin is weak, moderate dose can appear tubular turbidity, vacuolar degeneration; a large number of visible renal tubular necrosis, especially in the proximal convoluted tubule. Although clinical proteinuria, tubular urine,