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据英国《新科学家》周刊1991年4月27日报道,由60个碳原子组成的“英式足球形状”的分子,如果掺杂少量钾原子,就可以变成为超导体。新泽西州美国电报电话公司贝尔实验室的阿尔特·赫巴德(Art Hebard)和他的同伴发现,C_(60)分子(也叫做“buckyballs”),在18K(-255℃)的温度下,可变成超导体。在以前的实验中,他们已指出,掺杂钾的C_(60)分子在和空气隔离时,可以导电(空气和钾接触时会起化学反应)。一般说,C_(60)分子(buckyball)不导电,因为它们的全部电子都被牢牢地束缚住了。但是当碱金属(例如钾)嵌入C_(60)分子之间的空隙时,就可以改变这种情况,因为钾能贡献出它们的外层电子给碳分子,产生导电带。
According to a report by the “New Scientist” magazine in the United Kingdom on April 27, 1991, a “football-shaped” molecule made up of 60 carbon atoms can become a superconductor if it is doped with a small amount of potassium atoms. Art Hebard of Bell Labs, NJ’s AT & T Bell, and his companions found that the C60 molecule (also known as “buckyballs”), at a temperature of 18K (-255 ° C) Can become a superconductor. In previous experiments, they have pointed out that potassium-doped C 60 molecules can conduct electricity when air and air are separated (chemical reaction occurs when air and potassium are contacted). In general, C 60 buckyballs are not conductive because all of their electrons are firmly bound. But when alkali metals, such as potassium, intercalate into the space between C 60 molecules, this can be reversed because potassium can donate their outer electrons to the carbon molecules to create a conductive band.