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新疆每年播种春小麦850万亩左右,占小麦总面积的40—45％,约占粮食作物面积的三分之一。由于春小麦生育期短,比冬小麦生产工程简单,成本低,经济效益高,春播夏收有利作物倒茬,能充分利用水土资源,在冬小麦越冬冻害严重地区能避免受冻死苗,产量较稳定,若冬小麦一旦发生冻害,补种春小麦,能弥补灾情损失。又因品种类型多,适应性强,故分布地区比冬小麦广泛,一些山区、山间盆地和平原均可种植。近年来增产速度快,哈密、奇台、焉耆和莫索湾等地区均出现了大面积的高产典型,获得了许多宝贵经验。春小麦在新疆国民经济和农业生产中的地位,愈来愈引起人们的重视。
Xinjiang sells about 8.5 million mu of spring wheat annually, accounting for 40-45% of the total wheat area, accounting for about one-third of the total area of food crops. Due to the short growth period of spring wheat, the production of winter wheat is simple, low cost and high economic benefit. The spring seeding and summer harvest are beneficial for crop stubble, which can make full use of soil and water resources. In the event of frost damage, replanting spring wheat, can make up for disaster losses. Because of the variety of types, adaptability, so the distribution area is wider than winter wheat, some mountains, mountain basins and plains can be planted. In recent years, the rate of increase has been rapid. Large-scale and high-yield typical examples have emerged in Hami, Qitai, Yanqi and Mosuo Bay areas and many valuable experiences have been gained. The status of spring wheat in Xinjiang’s national economy and agricultural production has drawn more and more attention.