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本文介绍了由VM型热压缩机驱动的脉冲管制冷机基本结构、数值模拟与实验研究。热压缩机借鉴VM制冷机产生压力波动的方式,即依靠室温与冷源之间的温度差产生压力波动,驱动低温级脉冲管制冷机。利用液氮温区制冷机为热压缩机提供所需要的冷量,避免使用低温液体带来的不便。低温级脉冲管制冷机的回热器与脉管采用U型布置,调相机构采用小孔气库加双向进气方式。这种结构不使用有阀压缩机,可以产生低频压力波动,保证回热器在低温区高效工作。在原有结构的基础上,改造热压缩机回热器尺寸与填料,使用Sage软件进行了整机模拟,对调相机构进行优化,考察其在不同的运行频率、平均压力、排出器位移下的制冷性能。对改造后的脉冲管制冷机进行了初步的实验研究,获得14.4K无负荷制冷温度。
This paper introduces the basic structure, numerical simulation and experimental research of pulse tube refrigerator driven by VM type thermocompressor. The hot compressor draws on the way that the VM refrigerator produces pressure fluctuation, that is, the pressure fluctuation is generated by the temperature difference between the room temperature and the cold source to drive the cryogenic pulse tube refrigerator. The use of liquid nitrogen temperature zone refrigerator for the heat compressor to provide the required cooling capacity to avoid the inconvenience of using cryogenic liquid. Low-temperature pulse tube refrigerator regenerator and vessel U-shaped layout, phase control mechanism with a small hole gas tank plus two-way air intake. This structure does not use a valve compressor, can produce low-frequency pressure fluctuations, to ensure that the regenerator in the low temperature zone and efficient work. On the basis of the original structure, the size and packing of the regenerator of the heat compressor were modified, the whole machine simulation was carried out by using Sage software, the phase modulation mechanism was optimized, and its cooling performance under different operating frequency, average pressure and displacer displacement performance. A preliminary experiment on the modified pulse tube refrigerator was carried out to obtain a no-load refrigeration temperature of 14.4K.