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本文对广西出土的113例男性干燥椎骨的椎孔,进行了矢径、横径的测量和形态观察。椎孔的矢、横径在壮族(30例),汉族(57例)间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在C_(3～6)椎骨水平,推管的矢径和形态与脊髓的外形不一致,矢径于该处形成生理性狭窄,以C_4处为最小(12.92mm)。除C_1外,椎管的形态可分为4型:Ⅰ型圆型;Ⅱ型三角型;Ⅲ型过渡型;Ⅳ型不整型。 C_(1,2)椎管的形状为圆型,向下至C_6,通过半圆形逐步过渡到三角形(C_6占81.31％);再向下至T_6,三角形通过蛤形和多边形又逐渐过渡为圆形(T_6占84.76％);再向下至L_5,又通过蛤形逐渐过渡为三角型(L_5占99％)。从L_3至L_5,三角形椎孔有逐步通过钟形向三叶形过渡的趋势。三叶形腰椎管占5.02％。本文结果支持Eisenstein的观点,认为三叶形结构是一种普通的、非病理性的现象,与年龄增长、骨赘或椎孔狭窄无关,这或许是一种正常的发育性变异。
In this paper, 113 cases of male vertebrae of vertebrae unearthed in Guangxi Province were measured and their diameters and diameters were measured. Vertebral pitch and transverse diameter in Zhuang (30 cases), Han (57 cases) no significant difference (P> 0.05). At C_ (3 ~ 6) vertebrae, the radius and shape of the ascending tube were not consistent with the shape of the spinal cord. The radius of the radius at the site formed a physiological stenosis, which was the smallest at C_4 (12.92 mm). In addition to C_1, the spinal canal morphology can be divided into 4 types: Ⅰ type round; Ⅱ type triangular; Ⅲ transitional type; Ⅳ type irregular. The shape of C_ (1, 2) spinal canal was round, down to C_6, gradual transition to the triangle through semicircle (C_6 accounted for 81.31%); then down to T_6, the triangle gradually transitioned through clam and polygons to Round (T_6 accounted for 84.76%); then down to L_5, through the gradual transition to a triangular clam type (L_5 accounted for 99%). From L_3 to L_5, the triangular foramen has a gradual transition from bell-shaped to trilobal. Trefoil lumbar spinal canal accounted for 5.02%. Our results support Eisenstein’s view that trilobal structure is a common, non-pathological phenomenon that has nothing to do with age, osteophyte, or foraminal stenosis, which may be a normal developmental variation.