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目的:探讨消化内科患者发生感染的特点、感染原因及预防控制措施,积累有益经验为临床实践提供参考。方法:回顾性分析法。选取2012年6月-2014年5月我院消化内科发生院内感染的150例患者作为本次研究对象,统计患者的临床资料并进行相关感染因素分析。结果:(1)人口学分布:男性高于女性,60岁以上老年患者为高发群体;(2)易感因素:基础慢性全身性疾病、消化道肿瘤、出血、胃肠溃疡、肝硬化等。(3)易感部位:多发于上呼吸道,胃肠道、下呼吸道、泌尿道也较常见。(4)感染病原菌:革兰氏阴性菌占80%左右,真菌占20%左右。结论:加强消化内科消毒工作,严格执行无菌治疗及护理操作,对感染高发患者合理使用抗生素,开展积极的防感染护理,可降低消化内科感染发生率。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of infection in patients with gastroenterology, the causes of infection and prevention and control measures, and to accumulate useful experiences to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: Retrospective analysis. A total of 150 patients with nosocomial infections in our department from June 2012 to May 2014 were included in this study. The clinical data of patients and the related factors of infection were analyzed. Results: (1) demographic distribution: male than female, elderly patients over the age of 60 high incidence group; (2) susceptibility factors: basic chronic systemic diseases, gastrointestinal cancer, bleeding, gastrointestinal ulcers, cirrhosis and so on. (3) Susceptible parts: Occur in the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, lower respiratory tract, urinary tract is also more common. (4) Infectious pathogens: Gram-negative bacteria account for about 80%, fungi account for about 20%. Conclusion: To strengthen the disinfection of internal medicine, strict implementation of aseptic treatment and nursing operations, rational use of antibiotics in patients with high incidence of infection, to carry out a positive anti-infective care, can reduce the incidence of gastroenterology infections.