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医疗保险是政府履行全民健康覆盖责任的重要方式,但也同时面临吉芬商品与非吉芬商品的异质性均衡问题。为了减少医疗保险吉芬商品属性造成的效率损失,财政资金和社会医疗保险应该在责任边界明确的分层分类保障的基础上,合理兼顾财富与生命价值保障效应,并优先满足必要的高质量医疗服务需求,以保障生命价值免遭不可逆健康损害造成的全生命周期贫困。建议通过抑制需求竞争的医疗服务管制、提高基金补偿效率的健康风险治理、因易被误解而错配保险资源的修正机制和通过普惠金融适度贴现生命价值等措施,不断提高社会医疗保险的适度保障效力。
Medical insurance is an important way for the government to fulfill the responsibility of universal health coverage, but it also faces the problem of the heterogeneity of both the goods of Ji Fen and those of non-Ji Fen. In order to reduce the efficiency loss caused by the medical insurance Giffen product attributes, financial funds and social medical insurance should be based on a clear stratified classification guarantee of the responsibility boundary, rationally balance the wealth and life value guarantee effect, and give priority to the necessary high-quality medical treatment Service needs to ensure that the value of life is protected from life-cycle impunity caused by irreversible health damage. It is suggested to improve the social health insurance system by restraining the medical service of competition in demand, improving the health risk management of the fund’s compensation efficiency, correcting the mechanism misunderstanding the mismatch of insurance resources and appropriately discounting the value of life through inclusive finance Guarantee effectiveness.