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为了解武汉地区茶树内生真菌的多样性,从鄂茶1号、鄂茶5号、福鼎大白茶的茎、叶共210个组织块中,分离获得166株内生真菌菌株。结果表明,茶树受内生真菌侵染程度较高,74.29%的组织有内生真菌存在。根据r DNA-ITS系统发育分析,从中分离鉴定内生真菌15属,27个分类单元,主要有链格孢(Alternaria)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria)、刺盘孢(Colletotrichum)、间座壳属(Diaporthe)、镰孢霉(Fusarium)、赤霉(Gibberella)、小从壳菌(Glomerella)、球座菌(Guignardia)、新壳梭孢菌(Neofusicoccum)、拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis)、拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)、格孢腔菌(Pleosporales)、拟青霉(Paecilomyces)、腐霉(Pythium)、丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)和2种未知真菌。根据相对频率,葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、盘长孢状刺盘孢(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)、芒果球座菌(Guignardia mangiferae)等在茶树中比较常见。不同组织部位、不同品种内生真菌分布及组成存在差异,表现出较丰富的多样性。
In order to understand the diversity of endophytic fungi in tea plantation in Wuhan, 166 endophytic fungi strains were isolated from 210 tissues of the stems and leaves of Echa No. 1, E-Chai 5 and Fuding Dabaicha. The results showed that the tea plants were highly infected by endophytic fungi, and 74.29% of the tissues had endophytic fungi. According to the r DNA-ITS phylogenetic analysis, 15 genera and 27 taxa of endophytic fungi were isolated and identified, including Alternaria, Botryosphaeria, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Fusarium, Gibberella, Glomerella, Guignardia, Neofusicoccum, Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, Pleosporales, Paecilomyces, Pythium, Rhizoctonia and 2 unknown fungi. According to relative frequency, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Guignardia mangiferae, etc. are more common in tea plants. The distribution and composition of endophytic fungi in different tissue parts and different varieties showed different richness and diversity.