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钢置于低温下处理,能改善机械特性,这种概念古已有之。人们早就知道,瑞士老一代钟表工匠,就是把钟表零件放在严寒的阿尔卑斯山,以提高其机械性能的。今天,深冷处理技术不仅作为一项技艺,而且已成为一门科学。不过,对冰冷处理可能产生的总体效益方面的论述则还较少。淬火后进行深冷处理,可增加奥氏体-马氏体的转变速度。试验结果表明,超低温可使钢件的晶粒细化。但人们认为低温处理最突出的优点是能促使残余奥氏体的转化。利用深冷处理控制残余奥氏体向马氏体的转变,可提高钢件的硬度和耐磨性。再者,因为残余奥氏体
Steel placed at low temperatures, can improve the mechanical properties, this concept has always existed. It has long been known that the older generation of watchmakers in Switzerland placed watch parts in the cold Alps in order to improve their mechanical properties. Today, cryogenic treatment technology is not only a skill, but also a science. However, there are still few comments on the possible overall benefits of ice-cold processing. Quenching after cryogenic treatment, can increase the rate of austenite - martensite transformation. The experimental results show that the ultra-low temperature can refine the grain of steel. However, it is believed that the most prominent advantage of low temperature treatment is that it can promote the transformation of retained austenite. The use of cryogenic treatment of residual austenite to martensite transformation can improve the hardness and wear resistance of steel. Again, because of retained austenite