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纤维石棉粉尘对支气管具有机械性、细胞毒性和致癌作用。作者研究石棉粉尘在极限容许浓度(2mg/m~3)时工人鼻粘膜的发病机制。取鼻下甲粘膜活检,判断粘膜的功能状态和上呼吸道病变的形态学特征。组织学检查发现:1～4年工龄工人的鼻粘膜变化多数纤毛上皮化生,复层扁平上皮部分角化,基底膜增厚,轮廓不清,常与粘膜固有层松软结缔组织细胞间物质融合在一起;粘液腺的浆细胞有空泡形成,末端的口径中度扩大,含单一的分泌颗粒。5～9年者鼻粘膜上皮中营养障碍性和渐进坏死性病变占多数。复层扁平上皮呈弥漫性化生,粘膜皱襞基底膜增厚,固有层硬化,并看到贯穿至致密性淋巴组织细胞浸润的胶原纤维的粗束。10年以上者,鼻粘膜为进行
Fiber asbestos dust on the bronchial mechanical, cytotoxic and carcinogenic effects. The authors studied the pathogenesis of nasal mucosa in asbestos dust at an acceptable limit of concentration (2 mg / m ~ 3). Nasal mucosal biopsy taken to determine the mucosal functional status and upper respiratory tract morphological features. Histological examination found that: 1 to 4 years of working age nasal mucosal changes in most ciliated epithelial metaplasia, stratified squamous epithelial partial keratosis, thickening of the basement membrane, the outline is unclear, often mucosal lamina propria soft connective tissue cell fusion Together; mucus gland plasma cells have vacuoles, the end of the moderate expansion of caliber, with a single secretory granules. 5 to 9 years of nasal mucosal epithelial dystrophy and progressive necrotizing lesions accounted for the majority. Stratified squamous epithelium was diffuse metaplasia, mucosal folds thickening of the basement membrane, lamina propria sclerosis, and see through the dense lymphocytes infiltration of collagen fibers of the coarse beam. More than 10 years, the nasal mucosa for the conduct