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红军第五次反“围剿”失败后,中共中央决定进行战略转移。1934年10月,红一方面军主力五个军团连同中央机关等共八万多人,自江西瑞金、雩都和福建长汀、宁化出发,向西转移,开始长征。长征初期,临时中央主要领导人博古、李德等又从防御中的保守主义变为退却中的逃跑主义,红军虽经浴血奋战,冲破了蒋介石重兵设置的四道防线,但付出了惨重的代价,人员锐减到3万余人。12月,蒋介石调集40万兵力准备堵截刚冲出重围的红军,红军面临全军覆灭的危险。
After the failure of the Red Army’s fifth “encirclement and suppression” campaign, the CPC Central Committee decided to carry out strategic transfer. In October 1934, a total of more than 80,000 people, including the five main corps of the Red Army, along with the Central Government, started their march westward from their positions in Ruijin, Langdu, Jiangxi and Changting and Ninghua in Fujian. In the early days of the Long March, the chief leaders of the interim central government, Bogut and Li De, again turned from conservatism in defense to escapeism in retreat. The Red Army broke through the four defenses set by Chiang Kai-shek in heavy fighting, but paid a heavy price , Staff dropped to more than 30,000 people. In December, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized 400,000 troops to prepare for the interception of the Red Army just emerging from the tight encirclement, and the Red Army was in danger of annihilation of the entire army.