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有关牙髓性疼痛的感觉机制,至今尚不十分清楚。本文观察人体牙髓、牙本质感觉神经的走向及它与造牙本质细胞的关系,以探讨牙本质的感觉机制。一、牙髓神经纤维的走向齿槽神经的分支,伴同血管自根尖孔进入牙髓。进入牙髓的神经主要由100～1000多条有髓鞘神经组成,在根髓中央部呈束上行,至颈髓时由粗变细,并分出小支,分布于颈髓边缘。至冠髓时再分出细支,并失去髓鞘成为无髓鞘神经,呈放射状分布于冠髓表层。作者指出,根髓的神经走向与冠髓显著不同,根髓边缘部的神经分布极少,可能与牙体形态、功能有关。牙冠因咬合或龋蚀等而直接受到外界刺激,但牙根包埋在颌骨内,围绕牙根的牙周膜及牙龈感觉神经可以感受加予牙根的外界刺激,不一定需要根髓神经发挥功能。因此,根髓表层的神经分布极少。
The mechanism of sensation of endodontic pain is not yet clear. This article observes the human dental pulp, dentin sensory nerve and its relationship with the odontoblast cells to explore the sensory mechanism of dentin. First, the dental pulp nerve fibers toward the alveolar nerve branch, accompanied by the blood vessels from the apical foramen into the pulp. Into the pulp of the nerve is mainly composed of 100 to more than 1000 myelinated nerve composition in the central part of the root canal beam upward, to the spinal cord by the coarse and thin, and small branches, located in the edge of the cervical cord. To the coronal marrow and then split the fine branch, and lost myelin become unmyelinated nerve, radial distribution in the coronal surface. The author points out that the nerve root of the medulla leads to a significant difference from the coronal pulp, and there is very little nerve in the marginal part of the root canal, which may be related to the shape and function of the tooth. Crown due to occlusion or caries directly affected by external stimuli, but the roots embedded in the jaw, the periodontal ligament around the root and the gingival sensory nerve can feel the external stimulation of the root, you do not necessarily need to play a role in the root of the nerve . Therefore, the nerve root surface distribution is minimal.