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本研究以黑龙江省审定的214份水稻品种作为试验材料,构建黑龙江省审定水稻品种的分子ID,为北方粳稻的品种资源保护和利用提供理论依据。选择分布于水稻12个连锁群的131对引物,对参试材料进行聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳检测,根据品种之间扩增出条带的分子量大小的差异赋值。筛选出多态性好的24对引物对材料进行检测,共检测出等位变异124个,每个引物所检测到的等位变异范围在4~8个,平均为5.17个。引物的多样性指数在0.486~0.817之间,平均多样性指数为0.697,最高的引物是RM206。品种特异性指数在70.451~553.727之间,平均值为141.000,最高的品种是东农428。将电泳所检测出的等位基因变异数字化,采用ID Analysis 4.0进行数据分析,结果表明,仅需要13对引物(RM206,RM453,RM430,RM9,RM249,RM481,RM21,RM241,RM486,RM26051,RM44,RM561,RM154)就可以将214份水稻参试品种完全区分开,从而可以快速有效地构建出一套黑龙江省审定水稻品种分子ID。
In this study, 214 rice varieties validated by Heilongjiang Province were used as experimental materials to construct the molecular ID of the rice varieties examined and approved in Heilongjiang Province, which provided the theoretical basis for the conservation and utilization of varieties of northern japonica rice. 131 pairs of primers distributed in 12 linkage groups of rice were selected, and the tested materials were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the differences of the molecular weight of the bands amplified between the varieties were assigned. Twenty-four pairs of primers with good polymorphism were selected to detect the material. A total of 124 alleles were detected. The range of alleles detected by each primer ranged from 4 to 8 with an average of 5.17. The diversity index of the primers ranged from 0.486 to 0.817, the average diversity index was 0.697, and the highest primer was RM206. Variety-specific index ranged from 70.451 to 553.727 with an average of 141.000. The highest variety was Dongnong 428. Digitization of allelic variations detected by electrophoresis and analysis by ID Analysis 4.0 showed that only 13 pairs of primers (RM206, RM453, RM430, RM9, RM249, RM481, RM21, RM241, RM486, RM26051, RM44 , RM561, RM154), it is possible to completely distinguish 214 rice cultivars from each other, so that a set of molecular IDs of rice varieties tested in Heilongjiang Province can be quickly and efficiently constructed.