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在模拟的盐碱生态逆境下,研究了碱蓬、虎尾草、碱茅、野大麦、羊草等5种东北盐生草甸的习见牧草对盐碱胁迫的抗性特点。结果发现这些植物对盐碱逆境的适应方式存在三个类型。一、碱蓬是以御性为主,以吸收大量盐分形成盐泡贮存于液泡中;二、虎尾草是以御胁变性为主,从外界环境中吸收大量无机离子Na~+进行渗透调节;三、碱茅、野大麦和羊草是以耐胁变性为主,主要在细胞内合成大量脯氨酸等有机溶质进行渗透调节。采用干物质生产胁强敏感度/屈服点胁强作为指标来衡量抗盐碱性强弱,其结果为碱蓬>虎尾草>碱茅>野大麦>羊草。据此,建议在生产上以碱茅和野大麦作为改良东北盐生草场的首选牧草。
Under simulated saline-alkali ecological stress, the resistance characteristics of common forages to salt-alkali stress in five northeast salt meadows of Suaeda Aspen, Chloris virgata, Alhimabate, wild barley and Leymus chinensis were studied. The results showed that there are three types of adaptation of these plants to saline-alkali stress. First, Supratropium is mainly based on the Royal, to absorb a large amount of salt to form salt bubbles stored in the vacuole; Second, Chloris virgata is based on the Royal threat degeneration, from the external environment to absorb large amounts of inorganic ions Na ~ + osmotic adjustment; Third, alkali Mao, wild barley and Leymus chinensis is mainly resistant to degeneration, mainly in the synthesis of a large number of organic acids such as proline intracellular osmotic adjustment. The sensitivity to drought stress of yield / yield point of dry matter production was taken as the index to measure the strength of salt-and-alkali resistance. The results were as follows: Suaeda> Chloris virgata> Caragana> wild barley> Leymus chinensis. Accordingly, it is recommended that the production of alkali Mao and barley as the improvement of Northeast salt grass pasture preferred forage.