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现在我们探讨一下,民族作用和发展的哪些方面、哪些规律应当纳入民族人口学的课题,从而构成它作为一门特殊学科存在的客观基础。考虑到这门学科的特殊的边缘地位,即使略论一下人口学与民族学之间的联系也是适当的,不过要先从后者的定义入手。民族学通常被归入历史科学的体系之内,但是就其研究的对象和所使用的方法(例如“野外”直接考察法)而论,它在各门历史科学中占有稍为独特的地位。它的课题是研究世界各民族的起源、历史发展和相互联系、物质文化和精神文化、传统风俗习惯和生活的其他
Now let us examine which aspects of national function and development should be incorporated into the subject of ethnographic population and thus constitute an objective basis for its existence as a special subject. Given the special marginalization of this discipline, even a brief discussion of the links between demography and ethnology is appropriate, but start with the definition of the latter. Ethnology is often classified as a system of historical science, but it occupies a slightly unique position in all historical sciences, both in terms of its object of study and the methods used (for example, the “direct field approach” of the field). Its task is to study the origin, historical development and interrelationships of all ethnic groups in the world, material and spiritual cultures, traditional customs and other aspects of life