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本文应用土壤发生学及土壤地球化学的方法研究了淮北平原及山东半岛平原砂姜黑土的发生过程和成土特征.结果表明:在地形低洼、排水不良的条件下所形成的黑土层,是数千年前草甸潜育化过程的产物,而由地下水的作用所造成的土体中数层砂姜和铁锰结核则是过去和现在一直进行的成土地球化学过程.在此基础上的耕作熟化过程以及某些粘质砂姜黑土强烈胀缩造成的“土壤翻转作用”则是砂姜黑土现代的主要成土特征.因此,砂姜黑土是由母质和地形因素所支配的在干湿交替条件下形成的隐域性土壤,粘质砂姜黑土具有明显的变性土特性.
In this paper, the occurrence process and soil-forming characteristics of the Shajiang black soil in the plain of Huaibei Plain and the Shandong Peninsula were studied by means of soil genetics and soil geochemistry. The results show that the black soil formed in the low-lying and poorly drained terrain is On the basis of the past geochemical processes of the geochemical processes of the earth formed by the gleaming processes of the meadow thousands of years ago, the layers of sand and iron-manganese nodules formed by the action of groundwater Tillage and maturation process as well as the strong expansion and shrinkage of some clay sand Jiang black soil caused by “soil overturning” is the main characteristics of modern Shajiang black soil. Therefore, Shajiang black soil is dominated by the parent material and topography in the wet and dry The formation of the alternating under the conditions of the hidden soil, clay sand ginger black soil has obvious characteristics of denaturalization.