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恶性疟原虫红内期连续培养于1976年获得成功后,目前已用这一技术连续培养几种猴疟原虫和伯氏疟原虫的红内期。本文介绍了培养成功所需的必要条件。某些恶性疟原虫分离株的配子体现已可从体外培养获得,这些配子体对蚊子具有感染性并能在蚊体内正常发育。体外培养伯氏疟原虫和间日疟原虫的红外期分别于1981年和1983年获得成功,并得到了有感染性的裂殖子。体外培养疟原虫孢子增殖期的一系列研究表明,虽在理论上从配子体发育到子孢子期的体外培养应该是可能的,但目前进展仍不大。本文还就体外培养技术应用于疟原虫流行学研究进行了讨论,如监测药物抗性的发生及传播。同时对于应用这一技术进一步研究抗药性的遗传机理、抗原的生产、保护性免疫的测定和抗疟药的开发及筛选等作了评论。
After the success of the red-phase continuous culture of Plasmodium falciparum in 1976, this technique has been used to continuously culture the red-phase of several species of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium berghei. This article describes the necessary conditions for successful cultivation. Gametophyte expression of some P. falciparum isolates has been obtained from in vitro cultures that are infectious to mosquitoes and capable of normal development in mosquitoes. Infrared incubation of P. berghei and P. vivax in vitro was successful in 1981 and 1983, respectively, and resulted in infectious merozoites. A series of studies in vitro on the proliferative phase of sporozoites in P. falciparum have shown that while in vitro culture from gametophyte development to sporozoite stages should be possible, there has been little progress at this time. This article also discusses the application of in vitro culture techniques to the epidemiology of Plasmodium, such as monitoring the occurrence and spread of drug resistance. At the same time, the application of this technology to further study the genetic mechanism of resistance, the production of antigens, the determination of protective immunity and the development and screening of anti-malarial drugs were reviewed.