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目的了解长兴县农村居民健康素养现状,为政府决策提供数据支持。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取长兴县18~69岁农村常住人口630名开展健康素养现状调查。结果农村居民具有健康素养占比为14.15%,具有基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能占比分别为23.74%、15.93%和16.10%。不同文化程度人群中,大专及以上学历组知晓率最高,为66.15%(χ~2=35.92,P<0.05);不同年龄组人群中,26岁~组最高,为36.63%(χ~2=6.064,P<0.05);不同经济收入人群中,>5 000元组知晓率最高,为57.83%(χ~2=19.29,P<0.05)。结论长兴县农村居民健康素养较低,年龄、文化程度与经济收入不同均会导致健康素养知识知晓率不均衡,应制定符合本地农村居民特点的健康素养策略,提升目标人群健康素养水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of health literacy of rural residents in Changxing County and provide data support for government decision-making. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the health literacy status of 630 rural residents from 18 to 69 years old in Changxing County. Results The proportion of rural residents who had health literacy was 14.15%, with basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills accounting for 23.74%, 15.93% and 16.10% respectively. Among people with different education levels, the highest rate was 66.15% (χ ~ 2 = 35.92, P <0.05), and the highest was 36.63% (χ ~ 2 = 6.064, P <0.05). Among people with different economic incomes, the awareness rate of> 5,000 yuan was the highest, 57.83% (χ ~ 2 = 19.29, P <0.05). Conclusions The health literacy of rural residents in Changxing County is low. Different age, education level and economic income lead to the imbalance of health literacy knowledge. Health literacy strategies should be established to meet the needs of local rural residents and improve their health literacy.