存在论为什么是“第一哲学”?——对希腊存在论的一个再思

• 作 者: 包利民
• 机 构: 浙江大学哲学系外国哲学研究所,
• 出 处: 哲学研究
• 发表日期: 2009年01期
• 关键词: 第一哲学 亚里士多德 存在论 赫拉克利特 柏拉图 巴门尼德 希腊哲学 现象界 存在论意义 智者篇

Why does a science about “Being as being” occupy the position of the “First Philosophy?” Three reasons are in order. At the beginning,the concern is not that Being as being is perceived as the divine,but that the possibility of speaking and thinking must be re-established after the Heraclitic shock. Later on,philosophers realized that there might be different kinds of “beings” and some of them are more essential than the other. However,Aristotle’s profound move is to finally locate this essentiality in particular “activities” of things. Thus,a system of “activities” has organized everything in an ontological cosmos and makes them meaningful than merely “subsisting.”

At the beginning, the concern is not that Being as being is perceived as the divine, but that the possibility of speaking and thinking must be re-established after the Heraclitic shock. Later on, philosophers realized that there might might different the kinds of “beings ” and some of them are more essential than the other. However, Aristotle’s profound move is to finally locate this essentiality in particular “activities ” of things. Thus, a system of “activities ” has organized everything in an ontological cosmos and makes them meaningful than merely “subsisting. ”