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目的:掌握海门市5岁以下儿童死亡变化趋势及主要死因,探讨干预方法。方法:对2005~2009年海门市5岁以下儿童死亡情况进行回顾性调查分析。结果:海门市婴儿及5岁以下儿童死亡率处于相对稳定的水平;5岁以下儿童主要死因是先天性心脏病、先天性畸形、意外窒息、早产低出生体重和溺水;部分死亡儿童未得到及时救治。结论:降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键在于降低新生儿死亡率,应重点加强婚前保健、产前筛查、孕期及围产期保健,提高全社会的妇幼保健意识,提高农村妇幼工作人员的婴幼儿治疗及急救能力。
OBJECTIVE: To grasp the trend of death and major causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Haimen, and to explore intervention methods. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the deaths of children under 5 years old in Haimen from 2005 to 2009 was conducted. Results: The mortality rate of infants and children under 5 years old in Haimen was relatively stable. The main causes of death in children under 5 years old were congenital heart disease, congenital malformations, asphyxia, premature birth, low birth weight and drowning. Some of the dead children did not get timely Treatment. Conclusions: The key to reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age is to reduce the neonatal mortality rate. Emphasis should be laid on premarital health care, antenatal screening, pregnancy and perinatal care, awareness of maternal and child health in the whole society, and improvement of rural women and children’s staff Infant treatment and first aid capabilities.