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背景:液体燃料发动机的没计由于下述基本事实而复杂化:燃料以液相传送,而放热化学反应却以汽相发生。相的转变可能因为使用了把燃料分裂成小滴的雾化器件(汽化器,喷射器)而变得更容易。理想的小滴的直径应该是均匀的,非常小的。实际上,却存在着一个明显的大小分布。多种运转参量以一种复杂的方式影响这个分布。而小滴的过度的尺寸和小滴在燃烧空间内的不均匀分布又会影响燃烧的完全和反应产物的组成。这个问题对于多种燃烧器件是共同的(内燃机的例子有汽油机、柴油机、燃气轮机、冲压式喷气发动机和火箭;作为外燃机的组成部分则有燃烧器)。理论提供了普遍的指导,但作为可靠的设计的指南则嫌太不精确、太不完整。
BACKGROUND: Liquid fuel engines are not complicated by the basic fact that the fuel is delivered in the liquid phase, while the exothermic chemical reaction occurs in the vapor phase. The phase transition may be easier due to the use of atomizing devices (vaporizers, injectors) that split the fuel into droplets. Ideal droplet diameter should be uniform, very small. In fact, there is a clear size distribution. Various operating parameters influence this distribution in a complex way. The excessive size of the droplets and the uneven distribution of the droplets within the combustion space in turn affect the completeness of the combustion and the composition of the reaction product. This problem is common to many combustion devices (examples of internal combustion engines are gasoline engines, diesel engines, gas turbines, ramjet engines and rockets; burners as part of external combustion engines). Theory provides general guidance, but as a guide to reliable design is too inaccurate, too incomplete.