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随着我国城市化进程的加快,流动人口问题已越来越引起各方重视,据第五次全国人口普查结果推算:我国流动人口规模已超过1亿人,其中18周岁以下的流动儿童有1982万人。关心随父母打工流动儿童的健康成长,维护他们生存、发展和受教育的权利,是全社会的重要责任。儿童时期是人身体发育、性格养成、知识积累的关键时期,由于生活环境不稳定,人户分离、社会地位的不确定等,许多流动人口家庭不能像非流动人口家庭那样关爱、抚养与教育自己的子女,从而使其子女的教育、健康和成长发展受到一定影响。对于流动儿童这个人数迅速增加的弱势群体,政府、社会逐渐投以关注,而且他们出现的问题也开始进入人们的视野。因此,调查流动儿童的生活、卫生状况,及早发现问题并采取相应对策具有极为重要的现实意义。
With the acceleration of urbanization in our country, the issue of floating population has drawn more and more attention from all parties. According to the results of the fifth national census, the floating population in China has exceeded 100 million, of which floating children under 18 years of age have 1982 Million people. It is an important responsibility of the whole society to care for the healthy growth of children migrating with their parents and to safeguard their rights to survive, develop and receive education. Childhood is a critical period of physical development, character development and accumulation of knowledge. Due to the unstable living environment, the separation of people and the uncertainty of social status, many migrant families can not care for, support and educate their families as non-migrant families Their children, thus affecting their children’s education, health and growth and development to some extent. For the rapidly growing number of vulnerable children, the government and society are gradually paying attention to the problem of migrant children, and their problems have begun to take root. Therefore, it is extremely important to investigate the living and health status of migrant children, detect problems early and take corresponding measures.