论文部分内容阅读
急性肾损伤(acute kindey injury,AKI)是一种常见的急重症,多见于老年人,临床起病急,特征不明显,病情进展迅速,易造成漏诊、误诊。经典的AKI诊断指标为血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)等,但其灵敏度不高,且易受年龄、药物和蛋白摄入量等多种因素的影响。如何早期诊断急性肾损伤,避免延误治疗,降低患者死亡率成为当前研究的热点。本文通过回顾近几年AKI研究领域的新进展,对实验室诊断的新指标:血清胱抑素C、肾损伤分子-1、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白、白介素18、钠氢交换体3、富半胱氨酸肝素结合蛋白61、N-乙酰-β氨基葡萄糖苷酶、海藻糖酶等进行总结,旨在为AKI的早期诊断、治疗及判断预后提供帮助。
Acute renal injury (AKI) is a common acute severe disease, more common in the elderly, acute onset of clinical symptoms are not obvious, the disease progressed rapidly, easily lead to missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis. The classic AKI diagnostic indicators for serum creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN), but its sensitivity is not high, and susceptible to age, drugs and protein intake and other factors. How to diagnose acute kidney injury early, to avoid delay treatment, reduce patient mortality has become the current research hot spots. In this review, we review the recent advances in AKI research and put forward new laboratory diagnostic criteria: serum cystatin C, renal injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated apolipoprotein, interleukin 18, sodium-hydrogen exchange Body 3, cysteine-rich heparin-binding protein 61, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, trehalase and so on, which aims to help early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of AKI.