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脂肪性肝病(FLD)是成人和儿童肝功能不全的常见类型之一。诊断脂肪变性常较简单,但鉴别诊断范围较广。大泡性脂肪变可由饮酒或代谢因素如肥胖和高胰岛素血症所致;部分患者的脂肪变性可合并不同程度的炎症、肝细胞气球样变、纤维化,或几种病变同时存在。病理医师对上述表现的识别和解读,对本病的分类和预后判断至关重要。FLD最新研究进展为外科病理医师提供了新的信息,有助于对成人、儿童和其他肝病如慢性病毒性肝炎所致的脂肪变性进行解读。本文就各类FLD的命名学,尤其是组织病理学特征和最新研究进展作一综述。
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is one of the common types of liver insufficiency in adults and children. Diagnosis of steatosis is relatively simple, but a wide range of differential diagnosis. Bullous steatosis can be caused by drinking or metabolic factors such as obesity and hyperinsulinemia; some patients with steatosis may be associated with varying degrees of inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, fibrosis, or the simultaneous presence of several lesions. Pathologists to identify and interpret the above performance, the classification of the disease and prognosis is crucial. Recent advances in FLD provide surgical pathologists with new information that helps interpret fatty degeneration in adults, children and other liver diseases such as chronic viral hepatitis. This article reviews the nomenclature of all kinds of FLD, especially the histopathological features and the latest research progress.