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目的了解并探讨本地区引起小儿脑性瘫痪的相关因素。方法收集近3 a住院康复治疗的脑性瘫痪病人1 94例,对其家族史、母亲疾病、围生期及新生儿疾病史进行回顾性调查。结果64.90%可找到相关致病因素。其中37.10%为早产儿,仅有早产单因素者占20.60%;窒息/缺氧者27.80%,仅有窒息/缺氧单因素者15.50%;脑发育畸形14.40%。其他因素还有核黄疸、非脑畸形、宫内感染、产科疾病以及母亲疾病等,所占比例较小。结论早产、缺氧和脑发育异常是本组小儿脑性瘫痪的3大因素。但作为单独因素时,他们所占比例分别只有1/5左右,更有1/3的病人未发现任何围生期异常和疾病。各种因素所致的胚胎发育异常在病因学方面值得关注。
Objective To understand and explore the related factors that cause children’s cerebral palsy in this area. Methods One hundred and ninety-four cases of cerebral palsy who had been hospitalized in recent 3 years were collected. The family history, mother’s disease, perinatal and neonate’s history were retrospectively reviewed. Results 64.90% can find the relevant risk factors. Among them, 37.10% were premature infants, only 20.60% were premature single factor, 27.80% were apnea / hypoxia, 15.50% were asingle asphyxia / hypoxia only, and 14.40% were brain deformity. Other factors are nuclear jaundice, non-brain deformities, intrauterine infection, obstetric diseases and maternal diseases, a smaller proportion. Conclusion Premature delivery, hypoxia and abnormal brain development are the three major causes of cerebral palsy in children. However, as a separate factor, they accounted for only about 1/5, respectively, and 1/3 of the patients did not find any abnormal perinatal and disease. Embryonic abnormalities caused by various factors deserve attention in etiology.