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目的:探讨新生儿窒息的产科高危因素,寻找预防措施,避免新生儿窒息、死亡、致残的发生。方法:回顾性分析导致256例新生儿窒息的产科因素。结果:脐带异常是导致胎儿宫内窘迫的主要原因,羊水过少、胎位不正、产程异常、娩肩及娩头困难、产前出血、早产、妊娠合并症等均为新生儿窒息的高危因素,产前出血、妊娠合并症、早产3个因素发生重度窒息比例最高。结论:新生儿窒息常由多种产科因素引起,为减少新生儿窒息发生,必须做好产前保健,防治妊娠合并症,加强产时监护,预防并及时处理胎儿宫内窘迫和难产。
Objective: To explore the obstetric risk factors of neonatal asphyxia and to find preventive measures to prevent neonatal asphyxia, death and disability. Methods: Retrospective analysis of obstetric causes of 256 neonates with asphyxia. Results: Umbilical cord anomalies were the main causes of fetal distress, oligohydramnios, malposition of the fetus, abnormal labor, delivery of the shoulder and delivery difficulties, prenatal bleeding, premature birth and pregnancy complications were the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia, Prenatal bleeding, pregnancy complications, preterm birth of three factors with the highest proportion of severe asphyxia. Conclusion: Neonatal asphyxia is often caused by a variety of obstetric factors. To reduce neonatal asphyxia, antenatal care, prevention and treatment of complications of pregnancy, strengthening of labor supervision, prevention and timely treatment of fetal distress and dystocia should be done.