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一、国际贸易的理论基础和WTO主要规则 WTO源于GATF(1947)。GATT(1947)产生于旨在成立一个国际贸易组织(ITO)的谈判。关于ITO宪章的磋商于1948年在古巴首都哈瓦纳成功完成,虽然由于美国国会拒绝通过而使ITO宪章夭折,但作为1947年参与谈判的23个国家间的关税谈判结果,GATT—一个针对货物贸易的临时协定却幸运产生。此后,经过8个回合的多边贸易谈判(MTN),在1986—1994乌拉圭回合谈判的基础上最终诞生了WTO。因此,就GATT与WTO的关系而言,GATT(1947)
First, the theoretical basis of international trade and the main rules of WTO WTO from GATF (1947). GATT (1947) was born out of negotiations aimed at setting up an International Trade Organization (ITO). The negotiation of the ITO charter was successfully completed in Havana, Cuba in 1948. Although the ITO charter was aborted due to the rejection by the US Congress, as a result of the tariff negotiations among the 23 countries involved in the 1947 negotiations, GATT, The interim agreement on trade was lucky. Since then, after eight rounds of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN), the WTO was finally born on the basis of the Uruguay Round negotiations of 1986-1994. Therefore, in terms of the relationship between GATT and the WTO, GATT (1947)