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疑问代词“怎么”非疑问用法是对外汉语教学中的难点和重点,究其具体用法,可从语义角度将其分为任指、虚指、定指、列指;从语用角度分为表达反问语气和特殊情绪。教学过程中可先为学生布置对应的任务,梳理列举出句法形式;再分析与非疑问用法的“怎么”易混淆的各个词的异同;同时结合学生母语与汉语的对比讲解具体句子;坚持结合语境进行教学,使学生理解非疑问用法的“怎么”的语用功能,以此提高学生的交际能力。
The doubtful pronoun “nonsense ” is the difficult and important point in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, and its specific usage can be divided into any means, imaginary means, fixed means and means from the semantic point of view; from the pragmatic perspective To express the rhetorical questions and special emotions. In the process of teaching, the students should be arranged corresponding tasks, sort out the syntactic form; reanalyze the similarities and differences between the “” and “confusing” words of non-question usage; at the same time, explain the concrete sentences by combining the students’ mother tongue and Chinese; Adhere to the context of teaching, so that students understand the non-problematic usage of “how” pragmatic function, in order to improve students’ communicative competence.