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目的了解山东省居民结核病知识认知现状,为更好地开展结核病健康教育、制定更加有效的结核病健康促进策略提供依据。方法采用分层整群等比例随机抽样的方法,在全省抽取了35个调查点,采用全国统一的第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查现场知晓率调查问卷对抽样点15岁及以上人口进行调查,问卷内容为结核病5条核心信息。共调查54 279名居民,收回有效问卷54 273份,问卷有效率99.99%。采用EPIDATA 3.1进行数据录入,数据分析采用SPSS16.0,分别统计各条结核病相关信息的知晓率、总知晓率,并分析影响因素。结果山东省居民对结核病核心知识总知晓率为53.63%,其中对肺结核诊疗费用减免政策知晓率最低,为29.84%,其次是治疗转归结果为50.55%。全部5条核心信息的知晓率为18.28%。结核病知识知晓率随调查对象年龄的增加呈下降的趋势(P<0.01);城镇居民结核病知识知晓率高于农村居民(P<0.01);男性居民结核病知识知晓率高于女性(P<0.01);外来人口知晓率高于户籍人口(P<0.01)。结论山东省居民对结核病知识认知总体水平偏低,应进一步积极探索针对不同人群的更加有效的措施加强对居民的结核病健康教育,尤其应该关注对农村居民、高年龄组居民和女性居民结核病知识宣传和健康教育的效果。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge of TB among residents in Shandong Province and provide evidence for better TB health education and more effective tuberculosis health promotion strategy. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 35 survey sites in the province. A questionnaire was used to survey the awareness rate of the fifth TB epidemiological sampling in the whole country for the population aged 15 and above Survey, the questionnaire content for the five core information TB. A total of 54,279 residents were investigated, 54,273 valid questionnaires were withdrawn, and the questionnaire was effective at 99.99%. EPIDATA 3.1 was used for data entry. SPSS16.0 was used for data analysis. The awareness rate and total awareness rate of each tuberculosis-related information were calculated, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results The total awareness rate of TB residents in Shandong Province was 53.63%, among which 29.84% was the lowest awareness rate of TB relief fee, followed by 50.55% of the treatment outcome. The awareness rate of all 5 core information was 18.28%. The awareness rate of tuberculosis knowledge decreased with the age of the surveyed subjects (P <0.01). The awareness rate of tuberculosis among urban residents was higher than that of rural residents (P0.01). The awareness rate of tuberculosis among male residents was higher than that of women (P0.01) ; The awareness rate of migrant population was higher than that of registered permanent residence (P <0.01). Conclusion Residents in Shandong Province generally have a low knowledge of TB knowledge. More effective measures should be taken to explore more effective measures for different groups of people. Health education should be strengthened for TB residents. In particular, attention should be paid to tuberculosis knowledge among rural residents, residents of high age group and female residents Advocacy and health education effectiveness.