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本文结合研制耐海水腐蚀不锈钢对不锈钢缝隙腐蚀的电化学测试进行了研究。实验结果表明,测量不锈钢在人工缝隙条件下阳极极化循环曲线及电位E_b(缝)和E_p(缝)的方法,可用以表征不锈钢在海水中的缝隙腐蚀敏感性。模拟缝隙腐蚀的活化—钝化模拟电池方法,也可用于相对比较缝隙腐蚀的进行速度。应用上述方法测定了七种不锈钢在3％氯化钠水溶液中的缝隙腐蚀性能,其结果和实海掛片及室内浸泡加速试验相一致。试验证明,所研制的NHB-1不锈钢(OOCr20Ni25Mo5)耐缝隙腐蚀性能远优于316L不锈钢。在NHB-1不锈钢中如添加适量氮,尚可进一步提高其耐缝隙腐蚀性能。
In this paper, electrochemical testing of crevice corrosion of stainless steel was studied in combination with the development of seawater resistant stainless steel. The experimental results show that the method of measuring anodic polarization curve and potential E_b (seam) and E_p (seam) of stainless steel under artificial gap conditions can be used to characterize the crevice corrosion sensitivity of stainless steel in seawater. Activated-passivated analog battery simulation of crevice corrosion can also be used to compare the speed of crevice corrosion. The above method was used to determine the crevice corrosion resistance of seven kinds of stainless steel in 3% sodium chloride aqueous solution. The results are in good agreement with those of real sea hangings and indoor immersion tests. Test proved that the developed NHB-1 stainless steel (OOCr20Ni25Mo5) crevice corrosion resistance far superior to 316L stainless steel. In the NHB-1 stainless steel, such as adding an appropriate amount of nitrogen, can still further improve its crevice corrosion resistance.