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本文是根据作者于1992年6月17日在中国社会科学院研究生院的一次学术报告而整理的.文章认为,商品经济是同自然经济、产品经济相对应的概念,它讲的是等价交换,而自然经济、产品经济则没有等价交换;市场经济是相对于计划经济而言的,二者都是讲的资源配置方式,而不是讲交换行为的.我们要建立的社会主义市场经济,在所有制结构上,是公有制为主体,多种经济成分并存;在分配制度上,是以按劳分配为主体,多种分配形式和多种分配机制并存;在运行机制上,是以市场作为资源配置的主要方式,同时要强化国家宏观管理.这就是我们理解的市场取向的改革.在关于建立计划与市场相结合的机制问题上,一是要坚持国家的计划调控,政府的宏观管理,但不要迷信计划;二是要推进市场取向的改革,但不要迷信市场.
This article is based on an academic report by the author at the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on June 17, 1992. The article holds that the commodity economy is a concept corresponding to the natural economy and the product economy, and it refers to equivalence exchange, However, there is no equivalent exchange between the natural economy and the product economy, and the market economy is relative to the planned economy, both of which are about resource allocation rather than exchange of behavior. The socialist market economy we are going to establish Ownership structure, the public ownership as the main body, a variety of economic components co-exist; in the distribution system, the distribution according to work as the main body, a variety of distribution forms and a variety of distribution mechanisms coexist; in the operating mechanism, the market as a resource allocation The main way to strengthen the country's macroeconomic management at the same time.This is what we understand the market-oriented reform.On the establishment of the mechanism of combining planning and market issues, first, we must adhere to the state's plan control, the government's macro-management, but not Superstition plan; the second is to promote market-oriented reforms, but do not superstitious market.