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目的了解医院感染病原菌临床分布及耐药特点,为合理应用抗菌药物提供参考。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,对2014年某医院送检标本分离出的病原菌及其耐药性进行统计分析。结果 2014年临床各类标本中共检出病原菌2 579株,其中革兰阴性菌2 116株,占82.05%;革兰阳性菌336株,占13.03%;真菌127株,占4.92%。主要病原菌对氨苄西林的耐药率普遍较高,革兰阴性菌中肺炎克雷伯菌与大肠埃希菌对美洛培南、亚胺培南还保持着高敏感性,鲍曼不动杆菌多药耐药现象较为严重,革兰阳性菌中MRSA检出率较高。结论医院感染主要病原菌以肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌为主,耐药现象较为严重,临床应根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance characteristics of nosocomial pathogenic bacteria and provide a reference for rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods The retrospective analysis was used to analyze the pathogenic bacteria isolated from the specimens tested in a hospital in 2014 and their drug resistance. Results A total of 2 579 pathogenic bacteria were detected in all kinds of clinical specimens in 2014, of which 2 116 were Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 82.05%; 336 were Gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 13.03%; 127 were fungi, accounting for 4.92%. The main pathogens of ampicillin resistance rate is generally high, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in gram-negative bacteria on meropenem, imipenem also maintained a high sensitivity, Acinetobacter baumannii Multi-drug resistance is more serious, and Gram-positive bacteria have a higher detection rate of MRSA. Conclusions The main pathogens in hospital infection are Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and the drug resistance is more serious. The clinical application should be based on the drug susceptibility results Antibacterials.