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针对现有马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机田间试验中存在的搂模装置对马铃薯表皮造成擦伤,地膜回收率低及易产生撕膜等问题,对该机具的地膜回收部分进行改进设计。马铃薯挖掘部分仍采用成熟机型4U-83型马铃薯收获机,残膜回收部分采用送膜装置和滚筒式卷膜装置。通过计算确定了土薯分离装置、送膜装置及卷膜装置的各关键参数,并确定了压膜轮、送膜装置与卷膜装置的具体安装位置。田间试验表明:该机具掘薯、输运顺畅,土薯分离效果明显,残膜能被卷膜辊连续的卷起,卸膜方便可靠,明薯率为97.2%,伤薯率3.7%,损失率4.2%,残膜回收率90.1%,达到了马铃薯机械化收获与残膜回收的相关技术规范设计要求。
In order to solve the problems of the potato mold epidermal abrasion, low plastic film recovery rate and tear film easily, the existing part of the mold-reclaiming device in the field trial of the existing potato digging and residual film recycling machine is improved. Part of the potato excavation is still using a mature model 4U-83 potato harvester, residual film recycling part of the film delivery device and roll film device. Through the calculation, the key parameters of the potato separating device, the film feeding device and the film rolling device were determined, and the specific installation positions of the film pressing wheel, the film feeding device and the film rolling device were confirmed. Field experiments showed that the machine was able to remove potato and transport smoothly, and the separation effect of potato and potato was obvious. The residual film could be rolled up by the film roll continuously and the film unloading was convenient and reliable. The potato yield was 97.2%, the injury rate was 3.7% and the loss Rate of 4.2%, the residual membrane recovery rate of 90.1%, to achieve the potato mechanization and residual membrane recycling technical specifications related to the design requirements.