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夜间劳动违反人体的生理节奏。而女工,尤其是已婚的女职工于社会生产劳动外,还承担着家庭的主要家职负担,在此双重负担下,夜间工作更易危害其身体健康。因此,世界上许多国家根据本国的情况和妇女的要求,对女职工从事夜班工作做了各自的规定。现将一部分国家的有关规定介绍如下: 苏联:1970年颁布的《劳动法原则》的第69条规定:不得吸收妇女做夜班工作,除有特殊需要可作为临时性措施实行的国民经济部门例外。不得吸收孕妇和喂奶母亲以及有一岁以下子女的妇女做夜班工作、加班工作、假日值班工作和出差。日本:在《劳动基准法》第六十二条规定: 1、雇主不得在晚10时至晨5时之间使用未满18岁者或女工从事夜班工作。 2、主管大臣认为必要时,在此限定的地区和期间内,可将前款的时间改为晚11时至晨6时。
Night work violates the body’s physiological rhythm. In addition, women workers, especially married women workers, shoulder the main burden of family responsibilities on the part of the community. With this double burden, night work is more likely to endanger their health. Therefore, many countries in the world have made their own provisions on the night work of female workers according to their own conditions and the requirements of women. The relevant provisions of some countries are as follows. The Soviet Union: Article 69 of the “Labor Law Principles” promulgated in 1970 stipulates that women shall not be allowed to work night work unless the special needs of the Ministry of National Economy, which are interim measures, are taken into account. Women of pregnant and nursing mothers and those with children under the age of one should not be taken to work night work, overtime work, holiday duty work and business trips. Japan: Article 62 of the Labor Standards Law stipulates that: 1. An employer shall not engage in night shift work between 10 pm and 5 am for those under 18 years of age or female workers. 2. When the competent minister considers it necessary, the time in the preceding paragraph may be changed from 11 pm to 6 am in the area and period limited thereto.