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在实验室条件下采用 5 0kg真空感应炉冶炼和两段控制轧制工艺 ,并采用WE 60型万能拉伸试验机、JB 30B型冲击试验机、MM 6型及OLYMPUS PME3型光学金相显微镜、IBAS 2 0 0 0图相分析仪等手段研究了稀土对低硫铌钛钢性能、组织及夹杂物的影响。在低硫铌钛钢中的试验结果表明 ,稀土元素的加入使力学性能变化各异 ,它使钢的横向屈服点和抗拉强度先下降而后上升 ;延伸率则先下降而后上升 ;稀土对钢的横向冲击功则表现为先上升而后下降 ,并且在 -2 0℃以上 ,适量的稀土加入可以明显改善其冲击功的各向异性 ;稀土的加入并不能改变钢的显微组织类型 ,钢的组织为铁素体 +珠光体 ,但稀土会使钢中珠光体数量增加 ,铁素体数量减少 ;在钢中夹杂物方面 ,稀土加入则表现为它一方面净化钢液 ,使钢中夹杂物数量减少 ,另一方面是使钢中夹杂物的颗粒球化、细化和弥散化 ,从而改善夹杂物的分布
Under the laboratory conditions using 50kg vacuum induction furnace smelting and two control rolling process and the use of WE 60 universal tensile testing machine, JB 30B impact testing machine, MM 6 and OLYMPUS PME3 optical microscope, IBAS2000 graph phase analyzer and other means of research rare earth niobium titanium niobium performance, microstructure and inclusions. The experimental results in the low-sulfur niobium titanium steel show that the addition of rare earth elements makes the mechanical properties change differently, which leads to the decrease of the yield point and the tensile strength of the steel first and then to the increase; the elongation decreases first and then increases; The transverse impact energy is firstly increased and then decreased, and at above -2 0 ℃, the proper amount of rare earth can obviously improve the anisotropy of impact energy. The addition of rare earth can not change the microstructure of steel, Organization of ferrite + pearlite, but the rare earth will make the number of pearlite steel increases, reducing the number of ferrite; inclusions in steel, the addition of rare earth is shown on the one hand, it purifies the liquid steel, inclusions in the steel Reduce the number of particles on the other hand is the inclusion of steel ball, refinement and dispersion, thereby improving the distribution of inclusions