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目的比较上海市普陀区高中学生与新疆阿克苏地区高中汉族学生对艾滋病知识、态度等方面认知,以探索适应上海、新疆不同经济发展地区高中校园内艾滋病相关知识的健康教育模式。方法分别对上海市普陀区高中和新疆阿克苏地区高中汉族学生进行艾滋病知识、态度现场问卷调查。结果从媒体、宣传材料获得艾滋病知识上海学生为78.8%,新疆汉族学生为55.2%;从父母、同学交谈获得艾滋病知识上海学生为9.8%,新疆汉族学生为28.5%,两地获得艾滋病知识途径差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.2和23.8,P<0.01),对艾滋病三大传播途径知晓率都较高,非传播途径中蚊虫叮咬知晓率都很低;新疆汉族学生对预防艾滋病知晓率明显高于上海学生(χ2=12.5,P<0.01);新疆阿克苏汉族学生更愿意与HIV感染者同班学习(P<0.01)。结论本调查研究表明,高中生艾滋病知识还很欠缺,对非传播途径存在误区,在高中生中开展艾滋病健康教育是非常必要。
Objective To compare the cognition of AIDS knowledge and attitudes among high school students in Putuo District of Shanghai and high school students in Aksu Region of Xinjiang in order to explore the health education mode that can adapt to AIDS-related knowledge in high school campuses in Shanghai and Xinjiang in different economic development areas. Methods A questionnaire survey on HIV / AIDS knowledge and attitudes among high school students in Putuo District of Shanghai and Aksu Prefecture of Xinjiang was conducted. Results 78.8% of AIDS students in Shanghai and 55.2% of Han students in Xinjiang received knowledge of AIDS from the media and publicity material. 9.8% of AIDS students in Shanghai and 28.5% of Han students in Xinjiang talked to parents and students about the AIDS patients’ knowledge. (Χ2 = 27.2 and 23.8, P <0.01). The awareness rates of the three major transmission routes of AIDS were high, and the awareness rate of mosquito bites in non-transmission routes was very low. The awareness rate of prevention of AIDS among Han nationality students in Xinjiang was significantly higher Shanghai students (χ2 = 12.5, P <0.01); Aksu Han students in Xinjiang preferred to study with their HIV counterparts in the same class (P <0.01). Conclusions This survey shows that AIDS knowledge is still lacking in high school students and there are misunderstandings about non-transmission pathways. It is necessary to carry out AIDS health education among high school students.