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DNA甲基化是最常见的表观遗传学改变,甲基化异常往往导致染色体稳定性下降、抑癌基因沉默、X染色体失活,进而导致肿瘤等疾病发生。全基因组DNA甲基化状态分析表明,DNA甲基化在不同类型的肿瘤、肿瘤的各个发展阶段均有差异,与甲基转移酶过表达有一定关联。研究全基因组DNA甲基化图谱可反应基因型与表型关系,为评估肿瘤风险和预后提供指标,从而为癌症的预防、诊断和治疗提供一个新途径。
DNA methylation is the most common epigenetic changes, methylation abnormalities often lead to decreased chromosome stability, tumor suppressor gene silencing, X chromosome inactivation, which led to cancer and other diseases. Genome DNA methylation status analysis showed that DNA methylation in different types of tumors, tumors at all stages of development are different, and methyltransferase overexpression have a certain relationship. Research on genome-wide DNA methylation patterns can reflect the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes and provide an index for the assessment of tumor risk and prognosis, thus providing a new approach for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.