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一、导言经济学家早已认识到技术变化对长期经济发展,对生产率增长,对生活水平的普遍提高的重要性。尽管有关该主题的文章已不少,但由于它的复杂性和过分强调理论工作面相对忽略对科学技术的经验性计量,技术变化仍然是个“黑匣子”,更不用说计量其对增长与发展的贡献了。虽然社会经济指标方面的工作已进行了二十余年。但科学技术(S&T)指标既没有包括在发展指标中,也没有被很好地结合起来考虑。巴斯特(Baster)等人已指出,指标的系统化有两种途径。理想的途径是,可以从一个范围较
I. INTRODUCTION Economists have long recognized the importance of technological change for long-term economic development, productivity growth and the general improvement of living standards. Although there are a number of articles on this subject, technological change remains a “black box”, let alone measuring its impact on growth and development, due to its complexity and over-emphasis on the empirical neglect of empirical measurement of science and technology Contribute. Although the work on socio-economic indicators has been going on for more than two decades. However, science and technology (S & T) indicators are neither included in the development indicators nor are they considered well together. Baster et al. Have pointed out that there are two ways to systematize indicators. The ideal way is to be able to compare from a range