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目的掌握海南省企业职业卫生现况,为政府部门决策以及企业预防、控制职业病危害因素提供参考依据。方法分层随机选择34家企业,采用现场调查、查阅资料和填写调查表等方法进行职业卫生调查。结果 34家企业职业卫生管理机构设置率为82.4%,个人防护用品配置率为44.1%;工作场所职业病危害因素定点检测和样品检测总合格率分别为74.5%、83.5%,工种检测总合格率为72.5%,噪声和粉尘的定点检测合格率、样品检测合格率及工种检测合格率均较低;全省企业在职业卫生管理,职业病防护设施与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投入生产和使用执行情况及职业健康检查开展率等方面均有待改善,国有企业职业病防治工作开展相对较好。结论本省企业职业病防治形势严峻,应加大监督管理力度,提高企业职业病防治能力,尤其应重视非国有企业和中小型企业的职业卫生工作。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health in enterprises in Hainan Province and provide references for government departments to make decisions and prevent and control occupational hazards. Methods Totally 34 enterprises were randomly selected and stratified to conduct occupational health surveys using on-the-spot investigation, access to information and filling in questionnaires. Results The occupational health management institutions of 34 enterprises were set at a rate of 82.4% and personal protective equipment at a rate of 44.1%. The total qualified rate of occupational hazards in the workplace was 74.5% and 83.5% 72.5%, noise and dust fixed-point detection pass rate, the sample test pass rate and the test pass rate are lower; the province’s enterprises in occupational health management, occupational disease prevention facilities and the main project at the same time design, construction, at the same time put into production and use Implementation and occupational health examination carried out rate and other aspects of the need to be improved, state-owned enterprises prevention and treatment of occupational diseases carried out relatively well. Conclusion The situation of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in enterprises in this province is serious. Supervision and management should be stepped up and the prevention and control of occupational diseases should be enhanced. Particular attention should be paid to the occupational health work of non-state-owned enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises.