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采用挤压铸造法制备了Al2O3短纤维增强M124F铝合金复合材料,并研究了其拉伸强度、基体凝固组织和界面。结果表明:用挤压铸造法制备的复合材料组织致密,纤维分布均匀,抗拉强度与M124F相比明显提高;基体组织的α-Al枝晶和Si相明显细化。分析表明,纤维的加入具有双重增强作用:高强度陶瓷纤维的介入增强了基体材料的力学性能;在凝固过程中,Al2O3短纤维阻碍了α-Al枝晶的生长,同时可作为Si相非自发形核的衬底,细化了基体组织,提高了复合材料的力学性能。纤维与基体间未发现界面生成物MgAl2O4。
The Al2O3 short fiber reinforced M124F aluminum alloy composite was prepared by squeeze casting method and its tensile strength, matrix solidification structure and interface were studied. The results show that the composites prepared by squeeze casting have the advantages of compact structure and uniform fiber distribution. The tensile strength of the composite is obviously higher than that of M124F. The α-Al dendrite and Si phase of the matrix are obviously refined. The analysis shows that the addition of fibers has the dual enhancement effect: the mechanical properties of the matrix material are enhanced by the intervention of high-strength ceramic fibers; during the solidification process, Al2O3 short fibers obstruct the growth of α-Al dendrites, Nucleation of the substrate, refining the matrix structure, improve the mechanical properties of composite materials. No interfacial product MgAl2O4 was found between the fibers and the matrix.