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目的:了解包头市售牛乳卫生质量状况。方法:对市售105份散装、袋装、瓶装奶按照国标检验方法进行了感官、理化、微生物学方面的检测。结果:袋装、瓶装奶感官指标均符合国家标准,散装奶异常率为173%;比重、酸度、脂肪含量瓶装奶均合格,袋装奶合格率分别为333%、833%、944%,散装奶合格率分别为531%、901%、938%;菌落总数超标率为457%,袋装奶大肠菌群最近似数超标率为556%。散装奶、袋装奶各项指标相比差异无统计学意义。市三区散装奶菌落总数超标率比较,以东河区较高为741%。有914%的散装奶未经加热消毒就上市出售,另有74%的奶样有防腐剂或抗生素残留。除有1例奶样掺豆浆外,其余8种常见掺假物均未检出。结论:瓶装奶质量较好,散装奶、袋装奶卫生质量有待提高。
Objective: To understand the health status of milk in Baotou market. Methods: Sensory, physicochemical and microbiological tests were conducted on 105 commercially available bulk, bagged and bottled milk samples according to GB test methods. Results: The sensory indexes of bagged and bottled milk all met the national standards, and the abnormal rate of bulk milk was 173%. The qualified rate of bottled milk with specific gravity, acidity and fat content was 333%, 833% and 944%, respectively The passing rate of milk was 531%, 901% and 938% respectively. The over-standard rate of total number of colonies was 457%. The over-standard rate of the most similar number of coliform bacteria in bagged milk was 556%. Bulk milk, bagged milk compared to the various indicators was not statistically significant. City District bulk milk count over the standard rate of overweight, with a high of 741% in the East River. 914% of bulk milk is marketed without heat sterilization, while another 74% of milk samples contain preservatives or antibiotic residues. In addition to 1 case of milk mixed with soy milk, the remaining 8 kinds of common adulterated were not detected. Conclusion: The quality of bottled milk is better, the quality of bulk milk and bagged milk need to be improved.