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目的分析浙江省诸暨市妇幼保健院医院感染患儿资料,研究其发病规律,探讨预防对策。方法回顾性分析3240例患儿的临床资料,观察医院感染发生率、部位、病原菌及构成比、相关因素、对预后的影响。结果医院感染率为4.32%;呼吸道占55.71%;110例送病原学检查,64例培养阳性,其中革兰氏阳性球菌共34例,革兰氏阴性杆菌22例,真菌8例;医院感染组患儿年龄≤7岁63.57%、实施侵袭性操作55.71%、预防应用抗生素45.00%、重症监护病房22.14%,高于无医院感染组的42.58%、14.65%、33.84%、15.10%(P<0.05);医院感染组患儿病死率10.71%、住院时间(28.32±5.23)d,高于无医院感染组的1.39%、(12.76±3.32)d。结论儿科患儿是医院感染高危群体,影响因素复杂,对预后有不良影响,应采取相应措施避免和减少医院感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the data of hospital infection in Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, to study the pathogenesis of the disease and to explore the preventive measures. Methods The clinical data of 3240 children were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of nosocomial infection, location, pathogens, constituent ratio and related factors were observed retrospectively. Results The nosocomial infection rate was 4.32%; the respiratory tract was 55.71%; 110 cases were sent for pathogenic examination and 64 cases were positive for culture, of which 34 cases were Gram-positive cocci, 22 cases were Gram-negative bacilli and 8 were fungi; 63.57% of children younger than7years, 55.71% of aggressive operation, 45.00% of prophylactic antibiotics and 22.14% of intensive care unit were higher than 42.58%, 14.65%, 33.84% and 15.10% of those without nosocomial infection (P <0.05) ). The case fatality rate in hospital infection group was 10.71%, and the hospitalization time was (28.32 ± 5.23) d, which was higher than that in hospital without infection (1.39%, (12.76 ± 3.32) d). Conclusion Pediatric pediatric patients are at high risk of nosocomial infection. The influencing factors are complex and have an adverse effect on prognosis. Corresponding measures should be taken to avoid and reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections.