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利用背景噪声研究地下结构即对两个台站长时间的地震噪声记录进行互相关计算提取台站间的格林函数,获取面波频散特征,并进一步层析成像或测量面波走时变化.通过该方法可获得壳幔速度结构和对地下介质监测.近些年,该方法在理论上和实践上都有长足进展.首先介绍地震背景噪声应用的发展历史,进而重点论述利用背景噪声对壳幔进行群速度和相速度结构成像、三维剪切波速度结构成像、与其他方法联合成像和对地下介质监测的应用.最后分析了目前背景噪声应用面临的问题,并展望了其发展前景.
Using the background noise to study the subsurface structure, the cross-correlation of long-term seismic noise records of two stations is calculated to extract the Green's function among the stations, and to obtain the characteristics of surface wave dispersion and to further tomographic imaging or measurement of surface wave traveltime variation. This method can obtain the velocity structure of the crust and the mantle and monitor the underground medium.In recent years, the method has made great progress both in theory and in practice.First, the history of the application of seismic background noise is introduced, and then the influence of background noise on crust and mantle The imaging of group velocity and phase velocity structure, the imaging of 3D shear wave velocity structure, the joint imaging with other methods and the application of monitoring to underground medium are carried out.Finally, the problems of application of background noise are analyzed and the development prospects are also prospected.